In particular, the rotor (pitch and hub) extracts energy from the wind and convert it into mechanical energy and constitutes the “first engine” of the Wind Turbine while the conversion of mechanical energy into electricity is carried out by an electrical generator according to suitable settings.
In summary, these are the main components that make up a Greenstorm Wind Turbine with a horizontal axis, direct drive
The GreenStorm Wind Turbine GS 21 S is equipped with a rotor of 22,2 m diameter and a nominal power of 60 kW.
The rotor is a three-bladed with horizontal axis upwind and active control system.
The GreenStorm Wind Turbines have been designed and manufactured in accordance with IEC-61400/1 for wind class 1 A. This applies to all the components produced by GreenStorm directly or in cooperation with qualified suppliers, ABB on top of them
| Power adjustment | ACTIVE PITCH CONTROL |
| Power | 60 KW |
| Cut-In | 3 M/S |
| Wind speed at nominal power | 8.8 M/S |
| Cut-Off | 25 M/S |
| Min. lifetime | 25 YEARS |
The Wind Turbine is poles 72 synchronous, multiple permanent magnet generator; the connection to the grid is through a dual inverter.
The rotor is closely connected to the generator.
| Protection | IP54 |
| Power | 59.9 kW |
| Voltage at the nominal power | 460 Volt |
| Power frequency | CONNECTION AT 50 Hz |
| Rotation speed | 47,5 rpm |
| Weight of the Wind Turbine | 2,7 Ton |
| Poles | 72 |
The main braking system of the GreenStorm Wind Turbines is aerodynamic, the rotation of the blades through the pitches allows a quick stop, gradual and without stress for the Turbine and the system itself.
It has been also provided an emergency braking system: a disc brake has been directly installed on the generator with passive hydraulic pliers;
in case of emergency, the brake caliper will activate, even in the absence of energy.
| Type | DISK BRAKE |
| Position | CLOSELY CONNECTION TO THE GENERATOR ROTOR |
| Disk dm. | 1600 mm |
| Number of pliers | 1 |
| Brake pad | SINTERED MATERIAL |
| Hydraulic oil | VG 32 |
| Hydr. oil circuit capacity | 12 lt |
| Thermal protection | WITH INTEGRATED SENSOR PT100 |
| Nominal power | 0,8 kW |
The GreenStorm Wind Turbine 21 S is regulated by the pitch control.
The blades are built with high performance reinforced glass fiber; the attack angle of the blades can be adjusted in function of the rotation speed and depending of the wind speed.
The pitches control can also workas aerodynamic brake in order to stop the rotation of the machine.
The lightning rod system is built into the structure and protect all the system from root to tip.
| Rotor dm. | 22,3 m |
| Swept area | 386,7 mq |
| TIP maximum speed | 198 km/h |
| Power required per unit area | 0,156 kW/mq |
| Number of rotor revolutions | 50,5 rpm |
| Attack angle | 1° |
| Inclination angle of hub | 6° |
| Total weight of rotor and hub | 2,6 ton |
| Hub material | STEEL S355JR |
| Hub weight | 1,7 ton |
| Blades material | GLASS FIBER REINFORCED |
| Total length of the blade | 10,50 m |
| Twist | 20° |
| Weight of each blade | 310 kg |
LUBRICATING SYSTEM
| Grease type | SAE 2 |
| Tank capacity | 25 kg |
| Engine power | 0,8 kW |
| Number of distributors | 6 |
NACELLE
The nacelle consists in the steel structure that performs the function of chassis and it is the support to which each component is fixed.
| Manufacturing | WELDED STEEL CONSTRUCTION |
| Material | STEEL S355JR |
| Type of the nacelle cover | SHELL CONSTRUCTION |
| Nacelle cover material | REINFOIRCED FIBERGLASS |
The wind direction and speed are constantly monitored using sensors placed on the nacelle.
When the wind direction is different from the direction of the turbine, the YAW System turns on and take back the nacelle in the desired direction.
| Fifth wheel type | SINGLE TURN THRUST BEARING |
| Material | 42 NICRMO2 |
| Weight | 1,5 ton |
| Engine | ASYNCHRONOUS ACTIVATED BRAKE |
| Gearbox | PLANETARY 3-STAGES |
| Lubrification | OIL |
| Yaw rotation speed | 0,6 deg/sec |
The control system is based on a PLC COMBIVIS CONNECT of KEB and allows the managing and the remote control of the entire Wind Turbine i.e. the monitoring of all the turbine functions, such as the start-up procedure, the stop, the following wind and to adjust the power of the generator; in particular this is achieved by adjusting the position of the pitch (PITCH function) that can be controlled independently from one another.
The monitoring system allows you to store a very large number of parameters: Data are processed by protocols which depend on the type of grid connection available on the site where the Wind Turbine would set up.
The conversion system of the electric power is composed of two inverters: the first, on the generator side, is an KEB DRIVE UNIT F5 drive that offers everything needed for a complete and reliable frequency converter.
The frequency converter technology of KEB is based on the system DTC (Direct Torque Control) which combined with the braking chopper, offers high performance and a number of benefits, such as precision static speed, dynamic and the exact torque control.
The second inverter, on the network side, is an KEB AFE F5 inverter with a power conversion performance that reaches the 98%. The high performance together with the channels of maximum power point tracking (MPPT) at high speed, guarantees and optimizes the energy harvest in a wide range of operational conditions.
The whole system, including the electrical components, is supplied by KEB. It ‘s also an isolation transformer, which isolates the generator Greenstorm by the network itself. The grid feed system is able of transmitting power according to the CEI 0-21 rules.
GreenStorm Wind Turbines rise on a tower of 30 meters (36 mt to request), divided into 3 sections. Inside the tower, a staircase takes place in order to climb up to the nacelle.
The basement of the towers are calculated as per the current legislation.
| Height | 30m/36m |
| Number of section | 3 |
| Weight | 13,2 ton / 14,8 ton |
| Material | STEEL S355JR |
| Surface treatment | BLASTING AS PER ISO 8501-1- SA2 |
| Protection against corrosion | EPOXY PAINT AS PER UNI ISO 14713 UNI ISO 14713-2 |
| Securing method | WITH BOLTED FLANGES |
LIGHTNING PROTECTION
The lightning protection is made according to standard 61400-24. The protection provided to the turbine is both for direct lightning discharges and indirect discharges, which a full protection for the blades, the electrical generator and the control system.
VALIDITY
GreenStorm reserves the right to modify the characteristics of the Wind Turbine without any notice.
REFERENCE STANDARDS
- EC 61400 “Wind Turbine Generator Systems”
- NVN 11400 “Wind Turbines”
- IEC WT01 “Conformity Testing and Certification of Wind Turbines”
- GL “Guideline for the Certification of Wind Turbines”
- DS 471 “Loads and Safety of Wind Turbine Constructions”
- DIBT- Rules Wind Turbines ”AGMA“ Gearboxes for WTG-systems
- CEI 021 Inverter
